u盘memtest86-(ubuntu memtest86)

u盘memtest86 (ubuntu memtest86)

在学习和工作开发的时候，经常需要使用到各种各样不太常用的操作，这种情况一般是自己手动写一些小程序来处理。因为它们不太常用，所以经常用了又没保存，等到下一次在使用的时候又需要重写，这样的非常浪费时间和精力。

所以想在这里统一记录一下，以备下次重新使用。代码以实用为主，如果缺陷，欢迎指出。

1、十六进制字符转整型数字

功能：将16进制的字符串转换为10进制的数字。我是没有找到相应的库函数，所以参考网上的代码自己手动写了个函数来实现。

常用的函数有atoi,atol,他们都是将10进制的数字字符串转换为int或是long类型，所以在有些情况下不适用。

/*=============================================================================# FileName: hex2dec.cpp# Desc: Convert a hex string to a 电脑 int number# Author: Caibiao Lee# Version: # LastChange: 2018-11-26 # History:=============================================================================*/ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <ctype.h> int c2i(char ch) { // 如果是数字，则用数字的ASCII码减去48, 如果ch = '2' ,则 '2' - 48 = 2 if(isdigit(ch)) return ch - 48; // 如果是字母，但不是A~F,a~f则返回 if( ch < 'A' || (ch > 'F' && ch < 'a') || ch > 'z' ) return -1; // 如果是大写字母，则用数字的ASCII码减去55, 如果ch = 'A' ,则 'A' - 55 = 10 // 如果是小写字母，则用数字的ASCII码减去87, 如果ch = 'a' ,则 'a' - 87 = 10 if(isalpha(ch)) return isupper(ch) ? ch - 55 : ch - 87; return -1; } int hex2dec(char *hex) { int len; int num = 0; int temp; int bits; int i; 电脑char str[64] = {0}; if(NULL==hex) { printf("input para error \n"); return 0; } if(('0'==hex[0])&&(('X'==hex[1])||('x'==hex[1]))) { strcpy(str,&hex[2]); }else { strcpy(str,hex); } printf("input num = %s \n",str); // 此例中 str = "1de" 长度为3, hex是main函数传递的 len = strlen(str); for (i=0, temp=0; i<len; i++, temp=0) { // 第一次：i=0, *(str + i) = *(str + 0) = '1', 即temp = 1 // 第二次：i=1, *(str + i) = *(str + 1) = 'd', 即temp = 13 // 第三次：i=2, *(str + i) = *(str + 2) = 'd', 即temp = 14 temp = c2i( *(str + i) ); // 总共3位，一个16进制位用 4 bit保存 // 第一次：'1'为最高位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 2 * 4 = 8 位 // 第二次：'d'为次高位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 1 * 4 = 4 位 // 第三次：'e'为最低位，所以temp左移 (len - i -1) * 4 = 0 * 4 = 0 位 bits = (len - i - 1) * 4; temp = temp << bits; // 此处也可以用 num += temp;进行累加 num = num | temp; } // 返回结果 return num; } int main(int argc, char **argv){ int l_s32Ret = 0; if(2!=argc) { printf("=====ERROR!======\n"); printf("usage: %s Num \n", argv[0]); printf("eg 1: %s 0x400\n", argv[0]); return 0; } l_s32Ret = hex2dec(argv[1]); printf("value hex = 0x%x \n",l_s32Ret); printf("value dec = %d \n",l_s32Ret); return 0;}

运行结果：

biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ./a.out 0x400input num = 400 value hex = 0x400 value dec = 1024 biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ 2、字符串转整型

功能：将正常输入的16进制或是10进制的字符串转换为int数据类型。

/*=============================================================================# FileName: hex2dec.cpp# Desc: Convert a hex/dec string to a int number# Author: Caibiao Lee# Version: # LastChange: 2018-12-03 # History:=============================================================================*/#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <ctype.h> int String2int(char *strChar){ int len=0; const char *pstrCmp1="0123456789ABCDEF"; const char *pstrCmp2="0123456789abcdef"; char *pstr=NULL; int uiValue=0; int j=0; unsigned int t=0; int i=0; if(NULL==strChar) return -1; if(0>=(len=strlen((const char *)strChar))) return -1; if(NULL!=(pstr=strstr(strChar,"0x"))||NULL!=(pstr=strstr(strChar,"0X"))) { pstr=(char *)strChar+2; if(0>=(len=strlen((const char *)pstr))) return -1; for(i=(len-1);i>=0;i--) { if(pstr[i]>'F') { for(t=0;t<strlen((const char *)pstrCmp2);t++) { if(pstrCmp2[t]==pstr[i]) uiValue|=(t<<(j++*4)); } } else { for(t=0;t<strlen((const char *)pstrCmp1);t++) { if(pstrCmp1[t]==pstr[i]) uiValue|=(t<<(j++*4)); } } } } else { uiValue=atoi((const char*)strChar); } return uiValue;} int main(int argc, char **argv){ int l_s32Ret = 0; if(2!=argc) { printf("=====ERROR!======\n"); printf("usage: %s Num \n", argv[0]); printf("eg 1: %s 0x400\n", argv[0]); return 0; } l_s32Ret = String2int(argv[1]); printf("value hex = 0x%x \n",l_s32Ret); printf("value dec = %d \n",l_s32Ret); return 0;}

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3、创建文件并填充固定数据

功能：创建固定大小的一个文件，并且把这个文件填充为固定的数据。

/*=============================================================================# FileName: CreateFile.cpp# Desc: 创建固定大小的文件，然后填充固定的数据# Author: Caibiao Lee# Version: # LastChange: 2018-11-26 # History:=============================================================================*/#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <ctype.h> //#define FILL_DATA_VALUE 0xff#define FILL_DATA_VALUE 0x30 //char 0 int c2i(char ch) { if(isdigit(ch)) return ch - 48; if( ch < 'A' || (ch > 'F' && ch < 'a') || ch > 'z' ) return -1; if(isalpha(ch)) return isupper(ch) ? ch - 55 : ch - 87; return -1; } int hex2dec(char *hex) { int len; int num = 0; int temp; int bits; int i; char str[64] = {0}; if(NULL==hex) { printf("input para error \n"); return 0; } if(('0'==hex[0])&&(('X'==hex[1])||('x'==hex[1]))) { strcpy(str,&hex[2]); }else { strcpy(str,hex); } printf("input num = %s \n",str); len = strlen(str); for (i=0, temp=0; i<len; i++, temp=0) { temp = c2i( *(str + i) ); bits = (len - i - 1) * 4; temp = temp << bits; num = num | temp; } return num; } int main(int argc, char **argv){ FILE *l_pFile = NULL; int l_s32Rest = 0; unsigned int l_WriteLen = 0; unsigned int l_FileLen = 0; unsigned char TempData[1024] = {FILL_DATA_VALUE}; if(3!=argc) { printf("usage: %s FileName FileLen \n ", argv[0]); printf("eg: %s ./Outfile.bin 0x400 \n ", argv[0]); return 0; }; const char *l_pFileName = argv[1]; if(NULL==l_pFileName) { printf("input file name is NULL \n"); return -1; } if(('0'==argv[2][0])&&(('X'==argv[2][1])||('x'==argv[2][1]))) { l_FileLen = hex2dec(argv[2]); }else { l_FileLen = atoi(argv[2]); } printf("Need To Write Data Len %d \n",l_FileLen); printf("Fill Data Vale = 0x%x \n",FILL_DATA_VALUE); for(int i=0;i<1024;i++) { TempData[i] = FILL_DATA_VALUE; } l_pFile = fopen(l_pFileName,"w+"); if(l_pFile==NULL) { printf("open file %s error \n",l_pFileName); return -1; } while(l_WriteLen<l_FileLen) { if(l_FileLen<1024) { l_s32Rest = fwrite(TempData,1,l_FileLen,l_pFile); } else { l_s32Rest = fwrite(TempData,1,1024,l_pFile); } if(l_s32Rest <= 0) { break; }; l_WriteLen +=l_s32Rest; } if(NULL!=l_pFile) { fclose(l_pFile); l_pFile = NULL; } return 0; }

运行结果：

biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ gcc CreateFile.cpp biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ lsa.out CreateFile.cpp hex2dec.cpp main.cpp out.binbiao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ ./a.out ./out.bin 0x10input num = 10 Need To Write Data Len 16 Fill Data Vale = 0x30 biao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ lsa.out CreateFile.cpp hex2dec.cpp main.cpp out.binbiao@ubuntu:~/test/flash$ vim out.bin 1 0000000000000000 4、批量处理图片

功能：批处理将图片前面固定的字节数删除。

/*=============================================================================# FileName: CutFile.cpp# Desc: 批量处理，将图片的前面固定字节删除# Author: Caibiao Lee# Version: # LastChange: 2018-11-26 # History:=============================================================================*/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/stat.h> #define START_READ_POSITION 128#define PHOTO_START_TIME 83641//l_s32PhotoTime = 92809; int Cut_file(char * InputFile){ FILE *l_pFileInput = NULL; FILE *l_pFileOutput = NULL; char l_ars8OutputName[128] = {0}; unsigned char l_arru8TempData[1024] = {0}; int l_s32Ret = 0; static unsigned int ls_u32Num = 0; if(NULL== InputFile) { goto ERROR; } //sprintf(l_ars8OutputName,"./outfile/_%s",&InputFile[8]); sprintf(l_ars8OutputName,"./outfile/00%d.jpg",ls_u32Num++); //printf("out file name %s \n",l_ars8OutputName); l_pFileInput = fopen(InputFile,"rb+"); if(NULL==l_pFileInput) { printf("input file open error\n"); goto ERROR; } l_pFileOutput = fopen(l_ars8OutputName,"w+"); if(NULL==l_pFileOutput) { printf("out file open error\n"); goto ERROR; } fseek(l_pFileInput,START_READ_POSITION,SEEK_SET); while(!feof(l_pFileInput)) { l_s32Ret = fread(l_arru8TempData,1,1024,l_pFileInput); if(l_s32Ret<0) { break; } l_s32Ret = 电脑 fwrite(l_arru8TempData,1,l_s32Ret,l_pFileOutput); if(l_s32Ret<0) { break; } } ERROR: if(NULL!=l_pFileOutput) { fclose(l_pFileOutput); l_pFileOutput =NULL; }; if(NULL !=l_pFileInput); { fclose(l_pFileInput); l_pFileInput =NULL; }} int main(void){ char l_arrs8InputName[128] = {0}; char l_s8PhotoChannel = 0; int l_s32PhotoTime = 0; l_s8PhotoChannel = 3; l_s32PhotoTime = PHOTO_START_TIME; /**从第一通道开始**/ for(int j=1;j<l_s8PhotoChannel;j++) { for(int i=l_s32PhotoTime;i<235959;i++) { memset(l_arrs8InputName,0,sizeof(l_arrs8InputName)); sprintf(l_arrs8InputName,"./image/%dY%06d.jpg",j,i); if(0==access(l_arrs8InputName,F_OK)) { printf("%s\n",l_arrs8InputName); Cut_file(l_arrs8InputName); } } }}

运行结果：

biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ gcc CutFile.cpp biao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ lsa.out CutFile.cpp image outfilebiao@ubuntu:~电脑 /test/photo$ ./a.out ./image/1Y083642.jpg./image/1Y083714.jpg./image/1Y083747.jpg./image/1Y083820.jpg./image/1Y083853.jpg./image/1Y083925.jpg./image/1Y084157.jpg./image/1Y084228.jpg./image/1Y084301.jpg./image/1Y084334.jpg./image/1Y084406.jpg./image/1Y084439.jpg./image/1Y084711.jpg./image/1Y084742.jpg./image/1Y173524.jpg./image/1Y173556.jpg./image/1Y173629.jpg./image/1Y173702.jpg./image/1Y173933.jpg./image/1Y174004.jpg./image/1Y174244.jpg./image/1Y174315.jpg./image/1Y174348.jpg./image/1Y174420.jpg./image/1Y174454.jpg./image/1Y174733.jpgbiao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$ tree.├── a.out├── CutFile.cpp├── image│ ├── 1Y083642.jpg│ ├── 1Y083714.jpg│ ├── 1Y083747.jpg│ ├── 1Y083820.jpg│ ├── 1Y083853.jpg│ ├── 1Y083925.jpg│ ├── 1Y084157.jpg│ ├── 1Y084228.jpg│ ├── 1Y084301.jpg│ ├── 1Y084334.jpg│ ├── 1Y084406.jpg│ ├── 1Y084439.jpg│ ├── 1Y084711.jpg│ ├── 1Y084742.jpg│ ├── 1Y173524.jpg│ ├── 1Y173556.jpg│ ├── 1Y173629.jpg│ ├── 1Y173702.jpg│ ├── 1Y173933.jpg│ ├── 1Y174004.jpg│ ├── 1Y174244.jpg│ ├── 1Y174315.jpg│ ├── 1Y174348.jpg│ ├── 1Y174420.jpg│ ├── 1Y174454.jpg│ └── 1Y174733.jpg└── outfile ├── 000.jpg ├── 0010.jpg ├── 0011.jpg ├── 0012.jpg ├── 0013.jpg ├── 0014.jpg ├── 0015.jpg ├── 0016.jpg ├── 0017.jpg ├── 0018.jpg ├── 0019.jpg ├── 001.jpg ├── 0020.jpg ├── 0021.jpg ├── 0022.jpg ├── 0023.jpg ├── 0024.jpg ├── 0025.jpg ├── 002.jpg ├── 003.jpg ├── 004.jpg ├── 005.jpg ├── 006.jpg ├── 007.jpg ├── 008.jpg └── 009.jpg 2 directories, 54 filesbiao@ubuntu:~/test/photo$

运行前需要创建两个目录，image用来存放需要处理的图片，outfile用来存放处理过后的文件。这种处理文件批处理方式很暴力，偶尔用用还是可以的。

5、IO控制小程序

嵌入式设备系统一般为了节省空间，一般都会对系统进行裁剪，所以很多有用的命令都会被删除。在嵌入式设备中要调试代码也是比较麻烦的，一般只能看串口打印。现在写了个小程序，专门用来查看和控制海思Hi3520DV300芯片的IO电平状态。

/*=============================================================================# FileName: Hi3520_IO_CTRL.cpp# Desc: Hi3520DV300 IO Write and Read# Author: Caibiao Lee# Version: # LastChange: 2018-11-30# History:=============================================================================*/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include "hstGpioAL.h" int PrintfInputTips(char *ps8Name){ printf("=========== error!!! ========\n\n"); printf("usage Write: %s GPIO bit value \n", ps8Name); printf("usage Read : %s GPIO bit \n", ps8Name); printf("eg Write 1 to GPIO1_bit02 : %s 1 2 1\n", ps8Name); printf("eg Read GPIO1_bit02 Value : %s 1 2 \n\n", ps8Name); printf("=============BT20==================\n") printf("USB HUB GPIO_0_2 1_UP; 0_Down \n"); printf("RESET_HD GPIO_13_0 0_EN; 1_disEN\n"); printf("Power_HD GPIO_13_3 1_UP; 0_Down \n"); return 0;} int main(int argc, char **argv){ if((3!=argc)&&(4!=argc)) { PrintfInputTips(argv[0]); return -1; } unsigned char l_u8GPIONum = 0; unsigned char l_u8GPIOBit = 0; unsigned char l_u8SetValue = 0; GPIO_GROUP_E l_eGpioGroup; GPIO_BIT_E l_eBit; GPIO_DATA_E l_eData; l_u8GPIONum = atoi(argv[1]); l_u8GPIOBit = atoi(argv[2]); if(l_u8GPIONum<14) { l_eGpioGroup = (GPIO_GROUP_E)l_u8GPIONum; }else { printf("l_u8GPIONum error l_u8GPIONum = %d\n",l_u8GPIONum); return -1; }; if(l_u8GPIOBit<8) { l_eBit = (GPIO_BIT_E)l_u8GPIOBit; }else { printf("l_u8GPIOBit error l_u8GPIOBit = %d\n",l_u8GPIOBit); return -1; } if(NULL!=argv[3]) { l_u8SetValue = atoi(argv[3]); if(0==l_u8SetValue) { l_eData = (GPIO_DATA_E)l_u8SetValue; }else if(1==l_u8SetValue) { l_eData = (GPIO_DATA_E)l_u8SetValue; }else { printf("l_u8SetValue error l_u8SetValue = %d\n",l_u8SetValue); } } if(3==argc) {/**read**/ printf("read GPIO%d Bit%d \n",l_u8GPIONum,l_u8GPIOBit); /**set input**/ HstGpio_Set_Direction(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, GPIO_INPUT); /**read **/ char l_s8bit_val = 0; HstGpio_Get_Value(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, &l_s8bit_val); printf("read Data = %d \n",l_s8bit_val); }else if(4==argc) {/**write**/ printf("Write GPIO %d; Bit %d; Value %d\n",l_u8GPIONum,l_u8GPIOBit,l_u8SetValue); /***set IO output*/ HstGpio_Set_Direction(l_eGpioGroup, l_eBit, GPIO_OUPUT); /**Write To IO**/ HstGpio_Set_Value(l_eGpioGroup,l_eBit,l_eData); }else { } return 0; }6、文件固定位置插入数据

在文件的固定位置插入固定的数据。

#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h> #define BASIC_FILE_NAME "./nandflash.bin"#define UBOOT_FILE_NAME "./u-boot.bin"#define KERNEL_FILE_NAME "./kernel.bin"#define ROOTFS_FILE_NAME "./rootfs.bin"#define APP_FILE_NAME "./app.bin" #define UBOOT_POSITION 0x00#define KERNEL_POSITION 0x100000#define ROOTFS_POSITION 0x500000#define APP_POSITION 0x2700000 int InsertData(FILE *pfBasic,FILE *psInsert,int s32Position){ int l_S32Ret = 0; unsigned char l_arru8Temp[1024] = {0xff}; fseek(pfBasic,s32Position,SEEK_SET); fseek(psInsert,0,SEEK_SET); while(1) { l_S32Ret = fread(l_arru8Temp,1,1024,psInsert); if(l_S32Ret > 0) { l_S32Ret = fwrite(l_arru8Temp,1,l_S32Ret,pfBasic); if(l_S32Ret<=0) { printf("line %d error l_S32Ret = %d \n",__LINE__,l_S32Ret); return -1; } }else { break; } } return 0;} int main(void){ int l_s32Ret = 0; FILE *l_pfBasec = NULL; FILE *l_pfUboot = NULL; FILE *l_pfKernel = NULL; FILE *l_pfRootfs = NULL; FILE *l_pfApp = NULL; l_pfBasec = fopen(BASIC_FILE_NAME,"r+"); if(NULL==l_pfBasec) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } l_pfUboot = fopen(UBOOT_FILE_NAME,"r"); if(NULL==l_pfUboot) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } l_pfKernel = fopen(KERNEL_FILE_NAME,"r"); if(NULL==l_pfKernel) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } l_pfRootfs = fopen(ROOTFS_FILE_NAME,"r"); if(NULL==l_pfRootfs) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } l_pfApp = fopen(APP_FILE_NAME,"r"); if(NULL==l_pfApp) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfUboot,UBOOT_POSITION)) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfKernel,KERNEL_POSITION)) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfRootfs,ROOTFS_POSITION)) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } if(0> InsertData(l_pfBasec,l_pfApp,APP_POSITION)) { printf("line %d error \n",__LINE__); goto ERROR; } ERROR: if(NULL!=l_pfBasec) { fclose(l_pfBasec); l_pfBasec = NULL; } if(NULL!=l_pfUboot) { fclose(l_pfUboot); l_pfUboot = NULL; } if(NULL!=l_pfKernel) { fclose(l_pfKernel); l_pfKernel = NULL; } if(NULL!=l_pfRootfs) { fclose(l_pfRootfs); l_pfRootfs = NULL; } if(NULL!=l_pfApp) { fclose(l_pfApp); l_pfApp = NULL; } return 0;}7、获取本地IP地址

在linux设备中获取本地IP地址可以使用下面的程序，支持最大主机有三个网口的设备，当然这个网卡数可以修改。

#include <stdio.h>#include <ifaddrs.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#include <string.h>#include <arpa/inet.h> int get_local_ip(char *ps8IpList){ struct ifaddrs *ifAddrStruct; char l_s8IpAddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN]; void *tmpAddrPtr; int l_s32IPCount = 0; getifaddrs(&ifAddrStruct); while (ifAddrStruct != NULL) { if (ifAddrStruct->ifa_addr->sa_family==AF_INET) { tmpAddrPtr=&((struct sockaddr_in *)ifAddrStruct->ifa_addr)->sin_addr; inet_ntop(AF_INET, tmpAddrPtr, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); if (strcmp(l_s8IpAddr, "127.0.0.1") != 0) { if(l_s32IPCount == 0) { memcpy(ps8IpList, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); } else { memcpy(ps8IpList+INET_ADDRSTRLEN, l_s8IpAddr, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); } l_s32IPCount++; } } ifAddrStruct=ifAddrStruct->ifa_next; } freeifaddrs(ifAddrStruct); return l_s32IPCount;} int main(){ char l_arrs8IpAddrList[3][INET_ADDRSTRLEN]; int l_s32AddrCount; memset(l_arrs8IpAddrList, 0, sizeof(l_arrs8IpAddrList)); l_s32AddrCount = get_local_ip(*l_arrs8IpAddrList); for(l_s32AddrCount;l_s32AddrCount>0;l_s32AddrCount--) { printf("Server Local IP%d: %s\n",l_s32AddrCount,l_arrs8IpAddrList[l_s32AddrCount-1]); } return 0;}

原文链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Pd9yNdeg4qvwjQG2sed_-w
文章转载自：嵌入式大杂烩
文章来源于：分享几个实用的嵌入式C程序！
原文链接：分享几个实用的嵌入式C程序！

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